Paper receptacle or container and art of making the same



. Aug. 12 1924. 1,504,491

' 'F'. T. NICHOLSON P APER RECEPTACLE OR CONTAINER AND ART OF MAKING THE SAME z n lmled Jan. 24. 1920 s Sheets-Sheet 1 F w l avwe/wboz m, M emom Aug. 12 1924.

I F. T. NICHOLSON PAPER RECEPTACLE OR CONTAINER AND ART OF MAKING THE SAME 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed Jan. 24.

y E m I 63mm 1 1. ww

Aug; 12 1924. 1,504,491

F. T. NICHOLSON PAPER REQEPTACLE OR CONTAINER AND ART OF MAKING THE SAME Original Fild Jan. 24. 1920 s Sheets-Sheet 5 Aug. 12, 1924. 1,504,491

F. T. NICHOLSON PAPER RECEPTACLE OR CONTAINER AND ART OF MAKING THE SAME I Original Filed Jan. 24. 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 OR CONTAINER AND ART OF MAKING THE SAME PAPER RECEPTACLE ginal Filed Jan. 24 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ii 5H:

Patented Aug. 1 2, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

FRED '1. NICHOLSON,-O F BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY.

PAPER REGEPTACLE 0R CONTAINER AND ART OF MAKING THE SAME.

Application filed January 24, 1920, Serial N'o. 353,692. Renewed November 9, 1922. Serial No. 599,784.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED T. NICHOLSON,

a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Bloomfield, county of Essex, and

State of New Jersey, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Paper Receptacles or Containers and Art of Making the Same, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to receptacles or containers made b winding paper or other suitable materia on a. form or mandrel. Heretofore, iii-containers of this type, considerable difliculty has been experienced in securing the closures or heads in or on the ends of the tube, and it is accordingly the chief object of my invention to provide a container and method of making the same, in which one or both heads are secured in place, wholly or partly, by one or more inner ribs which are formed on the inside of the container in the course of winding the strip on the mandrel. These ribs, constituting seats for the closures, are formed by, or reinforced by, strips of metal or other material of suitable strength, which are introduced into the wall of the tube as the winding proceeds and are wound into place with the paper which forms the wall. To this and other ends the invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described.

Referring to the accompanying drawing,

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one form of my improved container. For the sake of clearness, in order to show the reinforcing strips as plainly as possible, the several plies or layers of papers composing the wall of the container are not indicated.

Figs. 1 1 and 1 are detailed sectional views of modifications.

Fig. 2 is a detail section of the container on a larger scale, showing alsothe layers of paper.

Figs. 3 and 3 are detail sections on a smaller scale, showing another form of the invention. In these figures, as in Figs. 1, 1 1 and 1, no attempt is made to indicate the individual layers of paper.

Fig. 4 is an end View of a mandrel or form on which the paper and reinforcing strips are wound.

, Fig. 5 is a side view of the same.

Fig. 6 is a detail view, on a larger scale, illustrating the forming of the circumferem tial beads or ribs on the inside of the container.

sponding to the ribs on the inside, to receive reinforcing bands.

Fig. 10 is a detail sectional View showing a convenient method of securing ahead removably in place. :1-

My improved container may be of any suitable shape in cross section, for exam le circular, oval, elliptical, or polygonal, ut the circular cross section is in general stronger and is therefore preferred, especially for barrels or drums of large capaclty. In Figs. 1 and 2 a container 10 of the cylindrical type is shown, havin' closures or heads 11, 12, which are held liy or against inner circumferential seats consisting of beads or ribs 13, 14B, 15, 16, reinforced by similarly ribbed or corrugated strips of sheet metal 17, 18. As exp ained hereinafter, these metal strips are wound into the wall of the container as the tubular body is formed, the stripsbeing thus embedded in the wall."

Instead of sheet metal, the ribs may be reinforced by wires of suitable cross section, as round wires 19, 20, Fig. 3, or triangular wires 20*, Fig. 3*. If one head is to be permanently secured in place I prefer to use three beads, as in Fi s. 1, 2 and 3,an upper bead 14 and lower ead 16 embracing the upper and lower edges of the head, and an intermediate or middle bead 15 engaglng a groove in the edge of the head, but one or more of these beads may be omitted. Thus in Fig. 1 the middle head is omitted, in Fig. 1 the middle bead alone is used, and in Fig. 1 only the lower bead is used. In an case, especlally where onlyone bead is use additional fastening means may be employed, as for example screws, as indicated in Fig. 1', connecting the head and wall in any convenient and suitable manner, and the removable head (in general the head which is secured in place after the tubular body of the container is removed from the mandrel)- can be secured in the same or any other way, as b means of a hoop or ring not shown) insi e of the chime and fastene thereto.

The reinforcing members 17, 18 may, if desired, be of perforated or foraminous sheet metal, as in Fig. 6, inwhich case the adhesive used to cement the turns or layers .of ,paper together penetrates into the holes with a circumferential groove" 24. Atits shaft 26. The latter is mounted in any other end its edge is bevelled, as at 25, and adjacent to this end is a bevelled disk of the same diameter as the mandrel, carried by a convenient manner to permit it to be shifted axially away from the mandrel and then be swung transversely to permit the container to be slipped off axially after the mandrel is collapsed. The head which is to be permanently secured in place is arranged concentrically between the disk 26 and the end of the mandrel and is held frictionally by the firm pressure of the disk. The head and disk thus form in effect a part of the mandrel.

At each end of the mandrel I provide one or more roller heads, as 28, 29, movable radially toward and from the mandrel, and each carrying one or more ribbing or finishing rollers, as 32, 33, 34. As the paper 36 (under 'slight tension) is wound on, the roller heads are advanced (as by means of sprin s, compressed air, or other means, not s own) and the rollers are caused to bear on the surface.- In this operation the cylindrical rollers 33 hold the paper in-snug conformity with the surface of the mandrel, while the ribbing rollers 34, which have their edges bevelled or otherwise suitably shaped for the purpose, indent the paper into the circumferential grooves in the mandrel. When a sufficient number of turns or layers of paper have been wound on, the reinforcing strips 17 18 are introduced, as in Fi 4. These strips may be just long eno'ug 1 to go once around the drum, with or without their ends overlapping, or they may be long enough to wrap several times, and

.preferably they. are not ribbed or corrugated in advance but are flat, in which case the desired ribs or beads are formed by the beading rollers 32, 34, while the edges of the strips areheld down by the cylindrical smoothin or finishing rollers 33. Where both kin s of rollers are carried by the.

same head, the cylindrical or finishing rollers are mounted in sliding bearings 37 actuated by springs 38, so that such rollers may be kept in firm contact with the paper as the wall of the tube increases in thickness. The grooves (formed by the ribs) fill up as the winding proceeds, and in order to keep as flat as possible the surfaces next to the head (for example the head 12, Fig. 6) the outer rollers 34 are adapted to slide axially' on their shaft but are urged inwardly toward the middle roller by springs 39.

As the windin proceeds, suitable cement, glue or other adhesive is applied, so that the successive layers are firmly united. Or a fusible and waterproof material may be used, as for example paraflin; in which case the paper or other fabric may be impregnated in advance and then heated as it is wound, so that the layers will unite, cooling means being employed, if necessary or desirable, to facilitate hardening or setting of the parafiin.

When the wall of the tube' has been built up to the desired thickness, the rotation of the mandrel is stopped. The roller-heads are then withdrawn, and the disk 26 is withdrawn axially and swung out of the way. The mandrel being collapsed, the tubular body of the container, with one head or closure in place, can now he slipped endwise off the mandrel.

As hereinbefore stated, the reinforcing means used is not necessarily a flat stri Other means may be used, as for examp e one or more wires, as in Fig. 3, already described. I may also use a flat strip wide enough to reach the edge of the tube, especially if the strip is perforated, as-in Fig. 6, or it mayv be wide enough to overhan the edge at either or both ends, as indicate at 18, Fig. 7. In the latter case, after the wall is built up to the desired thickness the overhanging portion of the strip or strips is bent down u on the outer surface of the wall, as in ig. 8, by spinning or other suitable operation. By making the wall relatively thin or the ribs relatively deep, or both, the tube may be left with circumferential grooves on its outside, of reater or less depth, in which binding an reinforcing means may be seated, as wires 18",

6m or both heads may be removably secured by the method illustrated in Fi 1 and 10. In this case the container wa 'l' is formed with an inner bead 13 on which the head 11 rests, and with an inner circumferential groove 13 to receive a split ring 13 which is sprung into the groove and overhangs the edge of the head 11 all around. The ring may be stripped or eeled out of the roove when it is desire to remove the bee This groove may be formed over a rib 40 (Fig. 5) on the collapsible man drel 21 by means of suitable rollers (not I shown) bearing on the paper and the reinforcing strips or wires as the tubular body of the container is formed; or it may be made by cutting a groove on the inside after the body is removed from the mandrel.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific features of construction and manufacture herein described, but can be practised in other ways Without departure from its spirit.

ll claim:

1. The method of making a container which comprises winding sheet paper to form atube, indenting said paper to form an inwardly projecting head-limiting seat, placing metal seat-reinforcing means on the exterior of the partially finished tube, and winding sheet paper over said reinforcing means. a

2. The method of makin a container which comprises winding s eet paper to form a tube, indenting said paper to form a plurality of inwardly projecting head-gripping seats, reinforcing said seats with metal on the exterior of the partially finished tube, and winding sheet paper over the metal reinforcement.

3. The method of makin a container which comprises windin s eet paper to form a multi-layer tube, winding sheet metal around the partially finished tube, indenting said metal to form a circumferential inwardly projecting rib adjacent one end of the tube, and winding sheet paper over the metal.

4:. The method of making a container which comprises winding and indenting sheet paper to. form a multi-layer-tube with an inwardly projecting head-limiting seat, winding sheet metal over the partially finished tube and indenting the metalto conform to the configuration of the first mentioned indentations, and winding sheet paper ovler the sheet metal and partially finished tu e.

5. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, the lmprovement comprising indenting at least the inner layers or turns as they are wound to form one or more continuous circumferential inner ribs, and windin into the wall of the tubular body between ayers or turns thereof metal reinforcing means for said rib or ribs.

6. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, the improvement comprising winding the paper on a suitably shaped mandrel or form, indenting at least the inner layers or turns as they are wound to form one or more continuous circumferential inner ribs, and winding into the wall of the tubular body between layers or turns thereof metal reinforcing means for said rib or ribs.

7. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, the

' improvement comprising holding at the end of a mandrel or form a closure for the container, winding paper on the mandrel or form and on the edge of the closure, indenting the inner layers or turns of the paper as they are wound to form one or more continuous circumferential inner ribs 00- operating with the edge of the said closure, and Winding into the Wall of the tubular body between layers or turns thereof metal reinforcing means for said rib or ribs.

8. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, the improvement comprising holding at the end of a mandrel or form a closure for the container, winding paper on the mandrel or form and on the edge of the closure, indenting the inner layers or turns of the paper as they are wound to form a plurality of continuous circumferential inner ribs engaging the edge of the closure to hold the latter, and winding into the wall of the tubular body between layers or turns thereof metal reinforcing means for the ribs 9. The method of inakin a container which comprises winding sheet paper to form a multi-layer tube, winding sheet metal around the partially finished tube, displacing said metal substantially radially to form a circumferential seat adjacent one end of the tube, and winding sheet paper over the metal.

10. The method of making a container which comprises winding sheet paper to form a tube, indenting said paper to form an inwardly projecting head-limiting seat, placing seat-reinforcing means on the exterior of the partially finished tube, and winding sheet paper over said reinforcing means.

11. The method of making a container which com rises winding sheet paper to form a tube, in entin said paper to form a plurality of inward y projecting head-gripping an inwardly projectin head-limiting seat,"

windin sheet materia over the partially 'finishe tube and indenting the material to conform to the configuration of the first mentioned indentations, and winding sheet paper over the sheet material and partially finished tube.

14. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, the improvement comprising indenting at least the inner layers or turns as they are wound denting at least the inner layers or turns as they are Wound to form one or more continuous circumferential inner ribs, and winding into the Wall of the tubular body between layers or turns thereof material reinforcing means for said rib or ribs.

16. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, the improvement comprising holding at the end of a mandrel or form a closure for the container, winding paper on the mandrel or form and on the edge of the closure, indenting the inner layers or turns of the paper as they are wound to form one or more continuous circumferential inner ribs cooperating with the edge of the said closure, and winding into the wall of the tubular body between layers or turns thereof material reinforcing means for said rib or ribs.

17. In the art of making containers of the type having a tubular body composed of a plurality of layers or turns, of paper, the improvement comprising holding at the end of a mandrel or form a closure for the container, winding paper on the mandrel or form and on the edge of the closure, indenting the inner layers or turns of the paper as they are wound to form a plurality of continuous circumferentiaLinner ribs engaging the edge of the closure to holdthe latter, and Winding into the wall of the tubular body between layers or turns thereof material reinforcing means for the ribs.

18. The method of making a container which comprises winding sheet paper to form a multi-layer tube, winding sheet reinforcing material around. the partially finished tube, displacing said reinforcing material substantially radially to form a circumferential seat adjacent one end of the tube, and winding sheet paper over the reinforcing material.

19. The method of making a container which comprises winding sheet material to form a tube, indenting said material while winding it to form an inwardly projecting head-limiting seat, placing seat-reinforcing means on the exterior of the partially finished tube, and winding sheet material over .said reinforcing means.

20. The method of making a container which comprises Winding sheet material to form a tube, indenting said material while winding it to form a plurality of inwardly projecting head-gripping seats, applying reinforcing material to said seats on the exterior of the partially finished tube, and winding sheet material over the reinforcing means.

21. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turns or layers of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form at least one continuous circumferential rib and having metal reinforcing means for the rib, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure engaged by said rib and held thereby against displacement in at least one direction.

22. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form a plurality of axially spaced continuous circumferential inner ribs and having metal reinforcing means for the ribs, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure bearing on said ribs and held thereby aga nst displacement in either direction.

23. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form a continuous circumferential inner rib and having metal reinforcing means for the rib, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure having a circumferential groove in its edge seated over said rib.

24. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turns or layers of paper, at least the inner layers being circumferentially indented to form two continuous circumferential axially spaced inner ribs and having metal reinforcing means for the ribs, wound into the wall between layers or turns thereof; and a closure having its edge seated between said ribs and held thereby against displacement in both directions.

25. A container as set forth in claim 1 in which the la ers of paper are firmly united by cement, gl ueor waterproof material.

26. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turns or layers of aper, at least the inner layers being indentetfclrcumferentially to form at least one continuous circumferential rib and having reinforcing wound into the wall between layers thereof;

and a closure bearing on said ribs and held thereby against displacement in either direction.

28. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form a continuous circumferential inner rib and having reinforcing means for the rib, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure having a circumferential groove in its edge seated over said rib.

29. In a'container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turnsor layers of paper, at least the inner layers being circumferentially indented to form two continuous circumferential axially spaced inner ribs and having reinforcing means for the ribs, wound into the wall between layers or turns thereof; and a closure having its edge seated between said ribs and held thereby against displacement in both directions.

30. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turns or layers of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to format least one inwardly-.

extending continuous circumferential rib and havlng reinforcing means for the rib, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure en aged by said rib and held thereby against isplacement in at least one direction.

31. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form a plurality of axially spaced continuous circumferentlal inwardlyextending ribs and having reinforcing means for the ribs, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure bearing on said ribs and held thereby against displacement in either. direction.

32. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of layers or turns of paper, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form a continuous circumferential inwardly-extending rib and having reinforcing means for the rib, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure having a circumferential groove in its edge seated over said rib.

33. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turns or layers of paper, at least the inner layers being circumferentially indented to form two continuous circumferential axially spaced inwardly-extending ribs and having reinforcing means for the ribs, wound into the wall between layers or turns thereof; and a closure having its edge seated between said ribs and held thereby against displacement in both directions.

34. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of turns or layers of sheet material, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form at least one in- Wardly-extending continuous circumferential rib and having reinforcing means for the rib, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure engaged by said rib and held thereby against displacement in at least one direction.

35. In a container of the class described, a tubular body having a wall composed of a plurality of layers or turns of sheet material, at least the inner layers being indented circumferentially to form a plurality of axially spaced continuous circumferential inwardly-extending ribs and having reinforcing means for the ribs, wound into the wall between layers thereof; and a closure bearing on said ribs and held thereby against displacement in either direction.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

FRED T. NICHOLSON. 

